食草動物:藏羚羊、
食葉動物:無尾熊、
食果動物:、
食穀動物:、
食蜜動物:、
食汁液動物(食樹液動物):、
食花粉動物:、
食木動物:、
食藻動物:、
非嚴格意義的植食性動物(食真菌動物、食細菌動物):、
植食性動物(Herbivore)是解剖上和生理上適應以植物或藻類為主食的動物;俗稱為「草食性動物」或「食草動物」。
【main】
食草動物
食草動物(Graminivore):部分偶蹄目(牛、羊、鹿、駱駝、羊駝、河馬…等)、馬、白犀牛、兔類(兔科、鼠兔科)、大熊貓(雜食性動物,主食為禾本科植物竹子)、袋鼠、部分齧齒目(天竺鼠、豪豬、水豚、旅鼠、草原犬鼠…等)、陸龜…等。
藏羚羊

https://youtu.be/QoHy-dsaGC4 (2020/08/21)
§ 身材嬌小的女子野生動物攝影師:顧瑩
冒死拍攝「藏羚羊」
https://youtu.be/b3Yu5L3G5W4 (2018/12/09)
藏羚(學名:Pantholops hodgsonii|藏文:གཙོད་,威利:gtsod|英文:Tibetan Antelope),是偶蹄目·牛科·羚羊亞科·藏羚屬(Pantholops hodgsonii)的唯一物種,又稱:藏羚羊。藏羚羊主要棲息於海拔 4’000~5’000公尺的高山草甸(meadow)、高寒草甸的草原、高寒荒漠草原及高寒荒漠,均為人跡罕至的地方。那裡植被稀疏,主要生長:針茅草(禾本目)、苔蘚和地衣類植物;藏羚羊的主要食物:莎草科(禾本目)、豆科(豆目)、檉柳科(石竹目)、菊科(菊目)及玄參科(唇形目)植物。藏羚羊為尋覓足夠的食物和抵禦嚴寒,經過長期適應,身體上生長有一層保暖性極好的絨毛,也形成了集群遷徙的習性。藏羚羊與野氂牛(Bos grunniens)、藏野驢(Equus kiang)並稱為藏北高原的「三大家族」,是青藏高原的一個旗艦物種。
藏羚羊()奔跑的速度平均達 80公里/小時,小藏羚羊出生僅 3天後骨質鈣化,就可以跑得比狼還快。藏羚羊的主要天敵:狼、棕熊、猞猁、雪豹、金雕和高山兀鷲。
§ 藏羚羊期待的第一個寒冬
https://youtu.be/67BYj6NoxxQ (2014)
§ 藏羚羊的爱情故事
https://youtu.be/GVvNViHd5ao (2018)
§ 藏羚羊遷徙與死亡
https://youtu.be/eI1LRx-YyEM (2016/08/14)
食葉動物
無尾熊、
食葉動物(Folivore):黑犀牛、貘、長頸鹿科、象、樹懶、無尾熊、部分靈長目(大猩猩、狐猴科)、麝雉、鴞鸚鵡、部分爬蟲類,如陸龜和綠鬣蜥、廣腰亞目、毛蟲、潛葉蟲、多數蝸牛、蛞蝓…等。
無尾熊

https://www.youtube.com/hashtag/koala
無尾熊(學名:Phascolarctos cinereus)為哺乳綱·雙門齒目·無尾熊科的一種,是澳洲的特有種有袋類動物。無尾熊英語:Koala, 中國大陸稱之為樹袋熊、考拉;香港稱樹熊,僅分布在澳洲的東部昆士蘭州、新南威爾斯、南澳州和維多利亞地區的低海拔、不密集的桉樹林中。
無尾熊身體長約 70~80公分,成年體重 8~15公斤,性情溫馴,體態憨厚,長相很像小熊,具一身厚、軟濃密灰褐色的短毛,胸部、腹部、四肢內側的毛呈白色。無尾熊的一對大耳朵具茸毛、內耳皮白色;鼻子裸露且扁平。無尾熊的尾巴,屬尾椎殘餘,約 3.5公分,已經退化,有如一個「座墊」。無尾熊能長時間舒適地坐在樹上。
無尾熊的棲息地是澳洲東部的澳大利亞森林,約有 30~50種桉樹(尤加利樹),其樹葉為澳洲特有種動物無尾熊的唯 一食物來源。無尾熊多數時間待在高高的樹上,就連睡覺也不下來,以尤加利樹的葉和嫩枝為食,同時也得到了足夠的水分而很少飲水,當地人稱牠「克瓦勒」,意思就是「不喝水」。
¶ 無尾熊從樹上掉下與叫聲
https://youtu.be/O0cAx1jLbJk (2016/01/03)
◎ 無尾熊的基因組中控制嗅覺器官的部分,擁有大量額外基因。這些基因能幫助無尾熊在不同薄荷味的藥用化學複合物中,辨別出尤加利葉散發出的獨特氣味。
◎ 桉樹(Eucalyptus robusta Smith)又稱尤加利樹,是桃金孃科·桉屬植物的統稱。常綠高大喬木,約 522種和 150個變種。可種植的桉樹有藍桉、直干藍桉、檸檬桉、大葉桉(很像不同屬的紅膠木)及銅錢桉 5種。
¶ 尤加利樹(檸檬尤加利)
https://youtu.be/qXAi9LS-vhk (2019/03/22)
食果動物
食果動物(Frugivore):部分靈長目(紅毛猩猩、鬼夜猴…等)、狐蝠、部分鳥類(鸚鵡、犀鳥、鵎鵼…等)、果蠅、椰子蟹…等。
食穀動物
食穀動物(Granivore):部分齧齒動物(如倉鼠、松鼠、鼯鼠…等)、象鼻蟲、雀類…等。
食蜜動物
食蜜動物(Nectarivore):蜜蜂、蜜蟻、蝴蝶、天蛾、花金龜、蜂鳥、部分雀形目(太陽鳥、吸蜜鳥、啄花鳥…等)、部分蝙蝠(厄瓜多長舌蝠、索熱爾長舌蝠、長舌果蝠…等)、長吻負鼠…等。
食汁液動物
食汁液動物(Exudativore):蚜蟲、劃蝽、頸喙亞目…等。
食樹液動物
食花粉動物
食花粉動物(Palynivore):蜂族、長腳蜂、食蚜蠅、薊馬、部分蟎…等。
食木動物
食木動物(Xylophage):海狸、白蟻、天牛、小蠹、木蝨、船蛆…等。
食藻動物
食藻動物(Algivore)磷蝦、海膽、鸚哥魚、紅鶴、海牛目、蝌蚪、海鬣蜥…等。
非嚴格意義的植食性動物
非嚴格意義的植食性動物:寄生藤、真菌如蘑菇、細菌…等。
食真菌動物
食真菌動物(Fungivore):切葉蟻、蕈蚋、蚤蠅、部分蛞蝓…等。
食細菌動物
食細菌動物(Bacterivore):鐘形蟲…等。
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